Naja atra

蝙蝠蛇科，亞種。 Elapidae, subfamily Elapinae

200 cm

全台本島與馬祖海拔1000公尺以下皆可見，但北部較少。

南中國（安徽，四川，福建，廣東，廣西，貴州，海南，湖南，湖北，浙江），台灣，北越南，北寮國。

Medium to large snake; total length up to 200 cm. There are 15-27 (19-21 at mid-body and 23-27 at neck) rows of smooth and glossy scales; the dorsolateral scales are strongly oblique. Head is broad, roughly triangular and slightly distinct from neck; body is moderately heavy, slightly flattened, and may be considerably flattened when angry; tail is short. Nostrils large and conspicuous. Eye is medium-sized; iris is dark dirty yellow dappled with dark gray black to blue-black and pupil is round, jet black. There are no loreals. Tongue is dark gray to blue-black, with stem possibly lighter in color than forks. Fangs are rigid, short to medium length, and located anterior to middle of upper law. Upper head is light gray tan to dark gray-black, usually the same color as upper body and tail; sides of head are lighter in color. Individuals bearing other colors in dorsal surface, such as white, yellow or brown may be found. There may be irregular or scattered crosslines of white to light gray along upper body and a spectacle-like mark on the upper face of the expanded neck (hood); however, the designs on the hood may range from partial figures to non-symmetrical patterns. Ventral head and neck are white to light gray or light orange; there may be one pair of small dark spots followed by a dark transverse band on the ventral face of hood. The color of ventral body and tail may be white to gray, dark gray mottled with white, or blackish. The populations in different geographic regions of Taiwan reveal a unique composition of ventral coloration: the eastern population is exclusively blackish (100%), the central and southern populations are mainly white to gray (both 80%), and the proportions of blackish and white-gray morphs in the northern population are 60% and 30%, respectively. Anal scale is entire, and subcaudals are paired.

眼鏡蛇是劇毒蛇類；被螫咬後的齒痕很難被發現。牠的毒液混合了神經毒與心臟毒素，50%的致死率大概只要 0.53mg/kg 的毒液量。眼鏡蛇可以一次對同一目標釋放出 250mg 的毒液。當心臟毒素感染細胞後；傷者將感受極大的痛苦，傷口持續的發出疼痛感，組織器官也會迅速的壞死。不過，直得慶幸的是經由血清的治療後，死亡率非常的低。特別要注意的是 ─ 某些品種會噴射毒液，雖然準頭不高，但仍要小心。

眼鏡蛇、飯匙倩、蝙蝠蛇、脹頸蛇、膨頸蛇、扁頸蛇、五毒蛇。