Ovophis monticola makazayazaya

Alishan Habu, Chinese Mountain Pitviper

阿 里山龜殼花

保育等級: 保育類 (第三級)

有毒!

相關影片
家族
蝮蛇科;Crotalinae 亞種 (蝮亞科)
Viperidae; subfamily Crotalinae (Pitvipers)
最大體長
79 cm
台灣棲地分布
分布稀疏,由於在1930-1980年間無採集紀錄,且在之後的採集紀錄非常零星。所以只能推斷可能全中低海拔皆有分布,但目前是北部區域較常見。算是非常罕見的物種。
世界棲地分布
南中國(安徽,福建,廣東,廣西,貴州,湖南,浙江),台灣,越南。
外觀描述
Small, stout snake; total length up to 79 cm. There are 19-31 (25-29 at mid-body) rows of scales, which are feebly keeled (or smooth) and rough except those on the flanks. Head is broad with blunt snout, roughly triangular, covered with small scales, and distinct from neck; body is stout or robust; tail is small. There is a prominent pit between eye and nostril. Eye is small to medium size, high on head, and forms slight bulge on upper head; iris is light brown to tan which blends with color of head. Pupil is oval or elliptical in vertical axis, black. Tongue is maroonish, with gray fork tips. Fangs are large, movable, in sheath in anterior part of upper jaw. Internasals are enlarged. Upper head is reddish-brown, maybe with designs of darker brown of varying intensities; there is a dark, thick band extending from eye to corner of mouth and may be bordered by white stripes. Sides of head are black-and white mosaic. Upper body is also reddish-brown, with a series of large, diffuse and irregular cross bands of dark brown to black along vertebrate ridge and a spotted pattern laterally. Upper tail is dark brown and bears small white spots. Ventral surface is white to gray and densely marbled with dark brown or black which may form thick longitudinal lines on the sides. Anal scale is entire, and subcaudals are paired.
生態描述
此為夜行性 蝮蛇,喜歡居住在山區邊緣,長隱匿在石頭或落葉堆中,已小型哺乳類為食。母蛇會在夏季產卵並且會有守護的行為,通常每次可產下3-18枚。牠們的毒液含有出血毒。
此種蛇類有驚人的抗寒能力,目前被發現可忍受最低溫約為17°C.
學名與俗名
Ovophis: 來自拉丁語 ovum (蛋) 和 ophis (蛇), 意指 卵生 蛇類;
monticola 來自拉丁語意思是 "山地居住者"或"高原居住者";
makazayazaya: 來自南台灣的排灣族語言"瑪家雑牙雑牙社";
阿里山龜殼花、瑪家龜殼花、瑪家山蝮、山龜殼花。
翻譯:周信甫